माईंडफुलनेस से रिकरन्ट डिप्रेशन कम होता है

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy compared with maintenance antidepressant treatment in the prevention of depressive relapse or recurrence (PREVENT): a randominsed controlled trial.

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as a treatment for chronic depression: A study Thorsten Barnhofer,∗ Catherine Crane, Emily Hargus, Myanthi Amarasinghe,1 Rosie Winder, and J. Mark G. William

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as a treatment for chronic depression: A study Author links open overlay panelThorstenBarnhoferCatherineCraneEmilyHargusMyanthiAmarasinghe1RosieWinderJ. Mark G.Williams

MBCT consists of 8 weekly sessions that, like MBSR, teach body-scan and formal meditation to participants who are required to complete daily homework assignments between sessions. Initial studies have suggested that MBCT helps prevent future episodes of depression among people with three or more previous episodes of depression (Teasdale et al., 2000; Ma & Teasdale, 2004).

Segal and colleagues studied 84 people in remission and found that MBCT could help prevent recurring depressive episodes as well as medication and better than placebo (JAMA Psychiatry, 2010). A review Madhav Goyal, MD, of The Johns Hopkins University 

Evidence also suggests that MBCT may be of more help to patients most vulnerable to relapse: People with a greater number of prior episodes or who had residual depressive symptoms. In a 2011 meta-analysis by Jacob Piet, PhD, and Esben Hougaard, PhD, of the University of Aarhus in Denmark in Clinical Psychology Review, MBCT was more effective in preventing relapse among people with three or more episodes, reducing risk by 43 percent versus 34 percent for participants overall.

Williams and colleagues found that participants who had depression at earlier ages, or who had more adversity or abuse in childhood, were more likely to benefit from MBCT (Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2014). Kuyken, who led the Lancet study, speculates that these patients may be more motivated and invested in the treatment.

Segal, Z. V., Bieling, T., Young, G., MacQueen, R., Cooke, L., Martin, R., Bloch and R. D. Levitan (2010). Antidepressant monotherapy vs sequential pharmacotherapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, or placebo, for relapse prophylaxis in recurrent depression.

Farb, N., Anderson, A., Mayberg, H., Bean, J., McKeon, D., & Segal, Z.V. (2010). Mindfulness training alters neural response to sad mood provocation in a mixed clinical sample.

Farb, N., Segal, Z.V., Mayberg, H., Bean, J., McKeon, D., & Anderson, A. (2007). Mindfulness training reveals dissociable neural modes of self-reference. 

Teasdale, J.D., Moore, R.G., Hayhurst, H., Pope, M., Williams, S., & Segal, Z.V. (2002). Metacognitive awareness and prevention of relapse in depression: Empirical evidence.

माईंडफुलनेस का अभ्यास शारीरीक बीमारियाँ मे लाभदायी है

In psoriasis सोरीअसीस

Influence of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction intervention on rates of skin clearing in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis undergoing phototherapy (UVB) and photochemotherapy (PUVA).

Fordham et al. 2014: The acceptability and usefulness of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy for people living with psoriasis: a qualitative study. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/bjd.13333

Montgomery et al. 2016: The importance of mindfulness in psychosocial distress and quality of life in dermatology patients.

In hypertension हायपरटेन्शन

Hypertension Analysis of stress Reduction using Mindfulness meditatiON and Yoga (The HARMONY Study): study protocol of a randomised control trial American journal of hypertension 27.1 (2014)

Wolters Kluwer Health. "Mindfulness-based stress reduction helps lower blood pressure, study finds." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 15 October 2013. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/10/131015094436.

Schneider, Robert H., et al. "Long-term effects of stress reduction on mortality in persons≥ 55 years of age with systemic hypertension." The American journal of cardiology 95.9 (2005): 1060-1064.

In diabetes डायबेटीस

Associations of Mindfulness with Glucose Regulation and Diabetes Eric B. Loucks, PhD, Assistant Professor, Stephen E. Gilman, ScD, Investigator and Branch Chief, Willoughby B. Britton, PhD, Assistant Professor, Roee Gutman, PhD, Assistant Professor, Charles B. Eaton, MD, MS, Professor, and Stephen L. Buka, ScD, Professor Dispositional mindfulness may be associated with better glucose regulation, in part because of a lower likelihood of obesity and greater sense of control among participants with higher levels of mindfulness. 

Brod M, Kongso JH, Lessard S, Christensen TL. Psychological insulin resistance: patient beliefs and implications for diabetes management. Qual Life Res. 2009;18:23–32.

Lloyd CE, Dyer PH, Lancashire RJ, Harris T, Daniels JE, Barnett AH. Association between stress and glycemic control in adults with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes.

In chronic pain पुराना दर्द

Kabat-Zinn J, Lipworth L, Burney R, Sellers W. Four year follow-up of a meditation program for the regulation of chronic pain. Clin J Pain. 1986;2:159–173.

Kabat-Zinn J. An outpatient program in behavioral medicine for chronic pain patients based on the practice of mindfulness meditation: theoretical considerations and preliminary results. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1982;4:33–47

Pradhan EK, Baumgarten M, Langenberg P, Handwerger B, Gilpin AK, Magyari T, Berman BM. Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:1134–1142

Grossman P, Tiefenthaler-Gilmer U, Raysz A, Kesper U. Mindfulness training as an intervention for fibromyalgia: evidence of postintervention and 3-year follow-up benefits in well-being. Psychother Psychosom. 2007;76:226–233. 

Sephton SE, Salmon P, Weissbecker I, Ulmer C, Gloyd A, Hoover K, Studts JL. Mindfulness meditation alleviates depressive symptoms in women with fibromyalgia: results of a randomized clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:77–85.

Lush E, Salmon P, Floyd A, Studts JL, Weissbecker I, Sephton SE. Mindfulness meditation for symptom reduction in fibromyalgia: psychophysiological correlates. J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2009;16:200–207.

In cancer कँसर

Carlson LE, Ursuliak Z, Goodey E, Angen M, Speca M. The effects of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction program on mood and symptoms of stress in cancer outpatients: 6-month follow-up. Support Care Cancer. 2001;9:112–123.

Carlson LE, Speca M, Patel KD, Goodey E. Mindfulness-based stress reduction inrelation to quality of life, mood, symptoms of stress and levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and melatonin in breast and prostate cancer outpatients. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2004;29:448–474.

Carlson LE, Speca M, Patel KD, Goodey E. Mindfulness-based stress reduction in relation to quality of life, mood, symptoms of stress, and immune parameters in breast and prostate cancer outpatients. Psychosom Med. 2003;65:571–581.

Carlson LE, Speca M, Faris P, Patel KD. One year pre-post intervention follow-up of psychological, immune, endocrine and blood pressure outcomes of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in breast and prostate cancer outpatients. Brain Behav Immun. 2007;21:1038–1049. 

Carlson LE, Garland SN. Impact of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR)on sleep, mood, stress and fatigue symptoms in cancer outpatients. Int J Behav Med. 2005;12:278–285.

Speca M, Carlson LE, Goodey E, Angen M. A randomized, wait-list controlled clinical trial: the effect of a mindfulness meditation based stress reduction program on mood and symptoms of stress in cancer outpatients. Psychosom Med. 2000;62:613–622.

Lengacher CA, Johnson-Mallard V, Post-White J, Moscoso MS, Jacobsen PB, Klein TW, Widen RH, Fitzgerald SG, Shelton MM, Barta M, Goodman M, Cox CE, Kip KE. Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for survivors of breast cancer. Psychooncology. 2009 February 20; Electronically published ahead of print. DOI: 10.1002/pon.1529.

माईंडफुलनेस थेरपी व्यसनमुक्ती केलीये उपयोगी है

Witkiewitz K, Marlatt GA, Walker D. Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for alcohol and substance use disorders. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy. 2005;19(3):211–228.

Marcus MT, et al. Mindfulness-based stress reduction in therapeutic community treatment: A stage 1 trial. Journal of Alcohol and Drug Abuse. 2009;35(2):103–108.

Hsu SH, Grow J, Marlatt GA. Mindfulness and addiction. In: Galanter M, Kaskutas LA, editors. Recent Developments in Alcoholism. Vol. 18. 2008. pp. 229–250.

 Liehr, et al. Linguistic analysis to assess the effect of a mindfulness intervention on self-change for adults in substance use recovery. Substance Abuse. (in press)

Britton, et al. The contribution of mindfulness practice to a multicomponent behavioral sleep intervention following substance abuse treatment in adolescents: A treatment-development study. Substance Abuse. (in press)

Smout, et al. Psychosocial treatment for methamphetamine use disorders: A preliminary randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. Substance Abuse.(in press)

ieten, et al. Development of an acceptance-based coping intervention for alcohol dependence relapse prevention. Substance Abuse. (in press)

माईंडफुलनेस किशोरावस्था मे लाभदायी है

Semple, R. J., Lee, J., Rosa, D., & Miller, L. F. (2010). A randomized trial of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for children: promoting mindful attention to enhance social-emotional resiliency in children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 19(2), 218–229.

Zenner, C., Herrnleben-Kurz, S., & Walach, H. (2014). Mindfulness-based interventions in schools—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 5.

Raes, F., Griffith, J. W., Van der Gucht, K., & Williams, J. M. G. (2014). School-­based prevention and reduction of depression in adolescents: A cluster-­randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness group program. Mindfulness, 5(5), 477–486.

Mindfulness training for adolescents: A neurodevelopmental perspective on investigating modifications in attention and emotion regulation using event-related brain potentials Kevanne Louise Sanger and Dusana Dorjee

Bostanov V, Keune PM, Kotchoubey B, Hautzinger M. Event-related brain potentials reflect increased concentration ability after mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A randomized clinical trial. Psychiatry Research. 2012;199:174–180.

Broderick PC. Learning to breathe: A mindfulness curriculum for adolescents to cultivate emotion regulation, attention, and performance. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger; 2013.

Burke CA. Mindfulness-based approaches with children and adolescents: A preliminary review of current research in an emergent field. Journal of Child and Family Studies. 2010;19:133–144.

Chambers R, Lo BCY, Allen NB. The impact of intensive mindfulness training on attentional control, cognitive style, and affect. Cognitive Therapy and Research. 2008;32:303–322.

Chiesa A, Calati R, Serretti A. Does mindfulness training improve cognitive abilities? A systematic review of neuropsychological findings. Clinical Psychology Review. 2011;31:449–464.

Oberle E, Schonert-Reichl KA, Lawlor MS, Thomson KC. Mindfulness and inhibitory control in early adolescence. Journal of Early Adolescence. 2012;32:565–588.

माईंडफुलनेस का परिणाम दिमाग पर दिखाई देता हैंयी है

In 2011, Sara Lazar and her team at Harvard found that mindfulness meditation can actually change the structure of the brain: Eight weeks of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) was found to increase cortical thickness in the hippocampus, which governs learning and memory, and in certain areas of the brain that play roles in emotion regulation and self-referential processing. There were also decreases in brain cell volume in the amygdala, which is responsible for fear, anxiety, and stress

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3004979/

हॉवर्ड मे हुये इस संशोधन मे साबित हुआ की माईंडफुलनेस के अभ्यास से स्मृती और भावनात्मक नियमन की केंद्र मे नये कोशिका तैयार होती है और प्रतिक्रिया करनेवाला अमाय्ग्डला सिकुड जाता है.

 Research has also shown that mindfulness meditation, in contrast to attending to the breath only, can reduce anxiety – and that these changes seem to be mediated through the brain regions associated with those self-referential (“me-centered”) thoughts. Mindfulness meditation has also been shown to help people with social anxiety disorder: a Stanford University team found that MBSR brought about changes in brain regions involved in attention, as well as relief from symptoms of social anxiety.

https://academic.oup.com/scan/article/9/6/751/1664700

मैं और मेरा यह विचार आनेसे क्रियाशील रहनेवाला मस्तिष्क का हिस्सा माईंडफुलनेस से शांत होता है और उससे चिंता कम होती है oxford journals.org

One of the most interesting studies in the last few years, carried out at Yale University, found that mindfulness meditation decreases activity in the default mode network (DMN), the brain network responsible for mind-wandering and self-referential thoughts – a.k.a., “monkey mind.” The DMN is “on” or active when we’re not thinking about anything in particular, when our minds are just wandering from thought to thought.

A  study from UCLA found that long-term meditators had better-preserved brains than non-meditators as they aged. Participants who’d been meditating for an average of 20 years had more grey matter volume throughout the brain 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3004979/

After only four weeks of meditation changes in white matter – which is strongly involved in interconnecting brain areas were present in those participants who meditated but not in the control participants who engaged in relaxation exercises. Interestingly, these changes involved the anterior cingulate cortex, a part of the brain that contributes to self-regulation, an important aspect when people start engaging with meditation practice.

Tang, Y. Y., Lu, Q., Fan, M., Yang, Y., & Posner, M. I. (2012). Mechanisms of white matter changes induced by meditation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,